Saturday, May 30, 2009

ACSM update and new hydrolyzed protein study


Greetings from Seattle WA. I just have a sec here due to limited internet access and more things to do yet today; but wanted to get this brand new study out to all of you.

Jodie and I just finished an amazing breakfast here by our kind hosts. Fresh espresso, pumpkin pancakes and an omelet with red pepper and roasted garlic. Yummmmmy.

ACSM was killer and tons of info coming soon (soon being early this coming week as I may not have Internet access until then). I cut down on my notes this year and only have 20 pages.

Dave Barr and I saw a killer lecture from Dr. Stu Phillips about testosterone levels and training--short version is that if you are in the normal range, being high or low will NOT accelerate or alter muscle size or strength gains (this excludes the very very low end and the very very high end--those using exogenous testosterone). Exclusive updates to my newsletter group too (thanks for your patience).

Here is the study

Am J Clin Nutr. 2009 May 27, 2009

Ingestion of a protein hydrolysate is accompanied by an accelerated in vivo digestion and absorption rate when compared with its intact protein.

Koopman R, Crombach N, Gijsen AP, Walrand S, Fauquant J, Kies AK, Lemosquet S, Saris WH, Boirie Y, van Loon LJ.

BACKGROUND: It has been suggested that a protein hydrolysate, as opposed to its intact protein, is more easily digested and absorbed from the gut, which results in greater plasma amino acid availability and a greater muscle protein synthetic response.

OBJECTIVE: We aimed to compare dietary protein digestion and absorption kinetics and the subsequent muscle protein synthetic response to the ingestion of a single bolus of protein hydrolysate compared with its intact protein in vivo in humans.

DESIGN: Ten elderly men (mean +/- SEM age: 64 +/- 1 y) were randomly assigned to a crossover experiment that involved 2 treatments in which the subjects consumed a 35-g bolus of specifically produced l-[1-(13)C]phenylal anine-labeled intact casein (CAS) or hydrolyzed casein (CASH). Blood and muscle-tissue samples were collected to assess the appearance rate of dietary protein-derived phenylalanine in the circulation and subsequent muscle protein fractional synthetic rate over a 6-h postprandial period.

RESULTS: The mean (+/-SEM) exogenous phenylalanine appearance rate was 27 +/- 6% higher after ingestion of CASH when compared with CAS (P < p =" 0.10)." style="font-weight: bold;">CONCLUSIONS: Ingestion of a protein hydrolysate, as opposed to its intact protein, accelerates protein digestion and absorption from the gut, augments postprandial amino acid availability, and tends to increase the incorporation rate of dietary amino acids into skeletal muscle protein.

Thursday, May 28, 2009

ACSM updates

Just have a few secs here before the next lecture, but check out my twitter updates on the following lower right for some cool stuff.

Gotta run to another lecture, but more coming soon!

thanks for your patience!

Rock on
Mike N

Tuesday, May 26, 2009

Performance Research for May: Fat Loss and Exercise

Greetings from sunny Seattle WA. Yes, it is actually sunny out here!

Jodie and I finally made it here ok and we are off to tour the Space Needle, the Experience Music exhibit and Jim Hensen's Muppets exhibit too

I am off to ACSM tomorrow through Friday, so I will hopefully have updates here but that will all depend on my internet connection. I will have exclusive newsletter only updates for my newsletter friends too.

A few short studies on fat loss in the meantime.

Addition of aerobic exercise to a weight loss program increases BMD, with an associated reduction in inflammation in overweight postmenopausal women.

Silverman NE, Nicklas BJ, Ryan AS. University of Maryland School of Medicine, Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center of the Baltimore Veterans Affairs Medical Center, GRECC (BT/18/GR), 10 North Greene Street, Baltimore, MD 21201-1524, USA.


Increased inflammation and weight loss are associated with a reduction in bone mineral density (BMD). Aerobic exercise may minimize the loss of bone and weight loss may contribute to a decrease in cytokines. We tested the hypothesis that aerobic exercise in combination with a weight loss program would decrease circulating concentrations of inflammatory markers, thus mediating changes in BMD. This was a nonrandomized controlled trial. Eighty-six overweight and obese postmenopausal women (50-70 years of age; BMI, 25-40 kg/m(2)) participated in a weight loss (WL; n = 40) or weight loss plus walking (WL + AEX; n = 46) program. Outcome measures included BMD and bone mineral content of the femoral neck and lumbar spine measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, soluble receptors of IL-6, and TNF-alpha (sTNFR1 and sTNFR2; receptors in a subset of the population), VO(2) max, fat mass, and lean mass.


Weight decreased in the WL (p < p =" 0.001)," style="font-weight: bold;">


CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that the addition of aerobic exercise is recommended to decrease inflammation and increase BMD during weight loss in overweight postmenopausal women.

My notes: Nothing earth shattering here---you need to EXERCISE (heck, even walking) for weight loss and better health (less inflammation).


Effect of calorie restriction on subjective ratings of appetite.

Anton SD, Han H, York E, Martin CK, Ravussin E, Williamson DA. Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA. santon@aging.ufl.edu


BACKGROUND: Energy or calorie restriction (CR) has consistently been shown to produce weight loss and have beneficial health effects in numerous species, including primates and humans. Most individuals, however, are unable to sustain weight losses induced through reductions in energy intake, potentially due to increased hunger levels. The effects that prolonged CR has on subjective aspects of appetite have not been well studied. Thus, the present study tested the effect of 6 months of caloric restriction on appetite in healthy, overweight men and women.

METHODS: Forty-eight overweight men and women with a body mass index (BMI; kg m(-2)) between 25-29.9 took part in a 6-month study and were randomised into one of four groups: healthy diet (control); 25% CR; 12.5% CR plus exercise (12.5% increased energy expenditure; CR + EX); low-calorie diet [LCD; 3724 kJ day(-1) (890 kcal day(-1)) until 15% of initial body weight was lost, then maintenance]. Appetite markers (i.e. hunger, fullness, desire to eat, etc.) were assessed weekly during a fasting state.


RESULTS: Body weight was significantly reduced in all three energy-restricted groups (CR = -10.4 +/- 0.9%; CR + EX = -10.0 +/- 0.8%; and LCD = -13.9 +/-0.7%), indicating that participants were adherent to their energy restriction regimen, whereas the healthy diet control group remained weight stable (control = -1.0 +/- 1.1%). Despite these significant weight losses, appetite ratings of participants in the three energy-restricted groups at month 6 were similar to the weight stable control group.


CONCLUSIONS: CR regimens with low fat diets producing significant weight losses have similar effects on appetite markers over a 6-month time period compared to a weight stable control group.

My notes: I wish they would have measured body fat instead of just using weight and BMI. You want to drop fat NOT muscle; but if you only measure weight you don't know if you are dropping muscle and fat.


Monday, May 25, 2009

Opposite Joints: My elbow hurts, you want me to check my knee?


Here is a question I get a fair amount in relation to the location of pain / loss of function and where to look for a solution.

"He who treats the site of pain is lost" ---Karel Lewitt, M.D., Dr.

Just because you have a chronic shoulder issue does not mean that you can SOLVE that issue by working ONLY on the shoulder! The first place I would look is the opposite joint; so for a right shoulder I would check the LEFT hip. For a right elbow issue, I would check the LEFT KNEE.

The technical term is interlimb neural coupling (see reference below).

How does this help in the real world? Keep on reading



Hey mike...you got me thinking on joint and cross joint and function. My right elbow has chronic arthritis and joint mice built up. I have full supination/pronation. But my extension is to about 130 degrees and my flexion is only at 90 degrees. It's quite limited! So I'm always altering movement. I really don't do much pressing anymore. In Z health should i pay extra attention to my left knee?

Just curious
Thanks a lot man
Jason Ross


The short answer is YES I have a video coming out on this soon, whenever I can steal 5 minutes to upload it.

I can't guarantee that, but for an elbow, the first place I would look at is the opposite knee and I would check the opposite motion too; so knee flexion (hamstring). Have you ever sprained that ankle on that side? I wold check the talocalcaneal aka subtalar joint since that corresponds to hamstring activity due to gait

Let me know what you find!

Mike N


Mike....I actually have sprained the left ankle pretty severely around 12 years ago. It has never felt as stable.

Thanks for your time man.
Jason

Be sure to check out all the killer information on Jason's blog

Train Out Pain

For a case study on how to use opposite joints and the results, see the link below

Z Health and Marathon Running



REFERENCE

Brain. 2007 Jan;130(Pt 1):159-69. Epub 2006 Oct 3.

Exaggerated interlimb neural coupling following stroke.


Kline TL, Schmit BD, Kamper DG.

Neuromechanics Laboratory, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, USA.

The patterns of interlimb coupling were examined in 10 stroke survivors with chronic hand impairment. In particular, the potential roles of postural state and motor tasks in promoting the flexed posture of the upper extremity were assessed. Through the use of electromyography analysis, joint angle measurements and a novel biomechanical apparatus to perturb the digits of the hand into extension, measurements of muscle activity and joint position were compared during multiple postural states, locomotion and voluntary muscle activity. The results demonstrated a significant increase in flexion of the digits (P < class="blsp-spelling-error" id="SPELLING_ERROR_19">flexion and voluntary leg extension produced significant activity in the other impaired extremity, leg and arm, respectively, in the stroke as compared with the control subjects. Thus, rectus femoris in the impaired leg was active during finger flexion of the impaired hand in the stroke survivors and all four tested muscles in the impaired arm were active during extension of the legs (P < class="blsp-spelling-error" id="SPELLING_ERROR_23">interlimb coupling related to active motor tasks, contributing to an upper extremity flexion bias following stroke.

Saturday, May 23, 2009

Cardiobots and Cardio Bunnies--Stick to the Hornet's Nest

I just have a sec as Jodie and I are off to the airport in a bit for Seattle WA for 8 days. Well, we were supposed to be on a plane now but there was a change to our flight time and the plane already left at 6:30am instead of 2:30pm today! Thanks for the great notice!
All the details will be in my newsletter that goes out tomorrow if anyone is interested (can still sign up at the bottom on this message).

Some good friends of mine were kind enough to open up their house to us (little do they know what is in store) and time for a much needed vacation. Neither of us have been to Seattle yet either and I will be a the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) conference this coming Wed-Fri sniffing out the latest and greatest for all of you here. I am working on some special updates and perhaps even an interview(s). Some of it will be released here and some tidbits will only be sent to my newsletter group, so be sure to sign up for my newsletter at the end of this post (it is free too).

If you are going to be at ACSM, drop me a note and we can chat live in person!

So it looks like a previous blog post I did stirred up a few comments and I got permission to post one below as this weeks "Letter to the Editor"

Read on

Ok, time for me to say something about the language you use as you may be hurting yourself and not even realize it. First, let me say, I love your blog posts, I can tell you spend a great deal of time and effort to not only "just post links to research articles", but you take the time and effort to break down the research articles and you do an excellent job of summarizing and breaking it down to a lay person's level, who, may be interested and intelligent enough to really "get" the article, but who may not be willing to dedicate the time to actually read the whole study, in part b/c you break it down so well!

Constructive Criticism Details below:
Anytime you write on your blog or in these email updates to your blog about strength training, you refer to it as "strength training" or as training for "power/speed athletes", but I have Never read you making Any derogatory remarks about strength training.

Except for the one blog post about "Broscience".
At the same time, I have observed, that almost anytime you write, on your blog, or in these email updates to your blog, about endurance training, you Almost Always refer to it as exercise conducted by "cardio bunnies" or as exercise conducted by (in this case) "Cardiobots", or you may use some other derogatory word, but "Cardio bunnies" seems to be your favorite.

And I get that there are people out there who "only" will do endurance training, and I can see how you may feel that strength training is not stressed enough or paid enough attention to and therefore I can see that you may be trying to make a case for why strength training is important. However, at the same time, I think there are probably just as many people out there who "only" engage in strength training and don't see any value in endurance training. And I know, you know the value in endurance training, b/c I've read a number of your blog posts about how amazing you find endurance athletes like the bike race across America.


Plus, I know you are very smart and as a smart person myself (at least I like to think so), who tries to have a good balance of both endurance and strength training, I find it demeaning and simply not necessary, to almost Always make fun of people who engage in endurance training by calling them demeaning names.


This all leads to my question:
Why do feel it is necessary to make derogatory remarks about endurance training or people who engage in endurance training, but you (almost) never make derogatory remarks about strength training or people who engage in it, but you in strength training?

Charles


Thanks again for the comments Charles. Much appreciated as it take cajones to actually give constructive feedback.

Yeah, I may be pissing off some cardio people although that is not my intent. I refer to a cardiobot or a cardio bunny as someone who does mindless hours of cardio normally on a treadmill or elliptical without any plan or any change in intensity--just the same thing every day hoping it will work better tomorrow. You can spot these people in big health clubs very easily (and they don't even wear rabbit ears).

I have HUGE respect for ANY athlete (athlete is defined as anyone that trains and uses their body for a living, so that includes pretty much everyone). I totally understand why people run marathons and heck, bike across the entire US from my volunteer stint on the RAAM and I give mad props to all of them. I personally will not be signing up any time soon though.

Don't worry, there are tons of stupid things that weight trainers do in the gym too! I tend to forget about it since the only gym I go to on occasion is at work and that is mostly cardio equipment. I do 95% of my sessions in my garage gym (aka the Xtreme Human Performance Center) and for cardio I primarily do KBs, some biking and now that summer is here more sprints, sledge hammer on the tire, push cars, etc.

I do feel the tide is turning and strength work is getting much more respect in the research community, but the reality is its much easier to study endurance training. I fully admit to falling in that camp too as part of my Monster Energy Drink study is using a bike ride to exhaustion because of previous literature (although not much) and it is easier to measure.

Yes, cardio (cardiorespiratory fitness) is very important! I actually believe that many strength athletes could benefit from more intelligent CRF work in their programs, even if strenght is their main goal. My buddy Aaron S from ND said it best, "it just helps to be 'ft'" I will save you a lecture about HRV and work capacity.

The reality is that this blog will never be a home for die hard endurance fans, and that is fine with me. I don't mean any disrespect to them, but I have to narrow the focus a bit to provide relevant info to the loyal readers

Hope that helps and thanks again for the feedback as most just unsubscribe without any comments or why; which makes it very hard for me to improve them. My goal long term is to make this a trusted home for athletic performance enhancement. I agree with Dr. Cobb when he said "it is actually UNnatrual to NOT be athletic"
Rock on
Mike N
PS
If anyone else has comments on this, post away in the comments section!

PPS
If you want some cool insider scoop from ACSM, sign up to my newsletter below

Thursday, May 21, 2009

It's Good to be Fat!


Ok, just when you think you know something, another piece of evidence comes out that is 180 degrees different. While I think we all should question and test all of our assumptions, this is a bit far!

I know the fat vs fit debate has been going on for awhile, but arguing that being fat is better for survival is insane! Even a very thin person has enough fat for a long time as an energy supply. We know that fat cells are VERY active and they don't just sit around on their fat butts all day; they are actually sending and receiving hormonal signals.

The argument that there is only ONE type of heart disease is equally insane, as I would be very surprised if this panned out to be true. Physiology is not that simple.

Just for your reading, here is the source and an article from heart wire, so judge for yourself.
Rock on
Mike T Nelson

Source
Lavie CJ, Milani RV, Ventura HO. Obesity and cardiovascular disease. Risk factor, paradox, and impact of weight loss. J Am Coll Cardiol 2009; 53:1925–1932.

From Heartwire
Obesity Paradox Probed in New Review
Shelley Wood

Despite being a key cause of heart disease, obesity appears to be protective in a range of cardiovascular problems, a new review concludes [1]. But that doesn't mean people shouldn't try to lose weight, lead author on the paper, Dr Carl J Lavie (Ochsner Medical Center, New Orleans, LA), told heartwire . Indeed, patients who fare the best seem to be obese patients who manage to lose some weight, he said.

"First, obesity is a very strong risk factor and increases all types of heart disease, but second, once you get heart disease, the obese patients do better, so their prognosis is not doomsday," Lavie explained. "In fact, if you have obese patients with congestive heart failure or coronary heart disease or other heart disorders, those patients actually have a pretty good prognosis if they are treated well. But third, the ones who lose weight do even better."

According to Lavie, there is solid evidence to suggest that being overweight or obese may improve survival, not just in heart failure, but also in diseases like hypertension, coronary artery disease, and peripheral artery disease.

"There are a large number of cardiologists who don't even recognize that this is the case, and they are confused about it, too. It is honestly a confusing topic because if obesity is so bad, and it contributes to all cardiovascular risk factors and markedly increases the prevalence of developing heart disease of almost every type, then why, once they get it, do obese patients do better?"

The new review appears in the May 26, 2009 issue of the Journal of the American College of Cardiology (JACC) [1].

Obesity Likely Protects Through Various Mechanisms

The protective effects of excess weight have been best documented in heart-failure patients, where patients with higher body weight or percent body fat have demonstrated better event-free survival. In this setting, says Lavie, extra weight may function much the same way it does with cancer and other chronic diseases, by providing the body with additional fuel to help fight the disease.

Less well known is the relationship between obesity and hypertension, Lavie et al note. While people who are obese do have more hypertension, five papers spanning almost 20 years also point to the fact that obese people with hypertension seem to have lower mortality and/or lower stroke risk, despite less effective blood-pressure control, than do normal-weight people. In this setting, obese patients "may have a better prognosis in part because of having lower systemic vascular resistance and plasma renin activity compared with more lean hypertensive patients," Lavie et al write.

Also incompletely understood is the paradoxical relationship of obesity and coronary and peripheral artery diseases. Obesity is believed to play a causal role in the development of a number of major risk factors for arterial disease, among them hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes, and is believed to be, in and of itself, a risk factor for atherosclerosis. But according to the JACC authors, there is also literature to suggest that overweight and obese coronary heart disease patients have a lower risk for mortality compared with under- and normal-weight coronary heart disease patients who have undergone revascularization procedures. A similar contradictory relationship has been seen in patients with peripheral artery disease.

Speaking with heartwire , Lavie emphasized that the protective effects of excess weight and excess fat likely function in different ways in different diseases. "We know that fat cells do a lot of bad things, but it's certainly conceivable that in advanced disease, the fat cell could have some beneficial effects. There's still a lot that needs to be known about this process."

Weight Loss Still Key

A key new piece of the puzzle that emerged in Lavie et al's review, however, is that weight loss, often touted as a way to reduce cardiovascular risk, appears to be a good thing in spite of the protective effects of extra weight.

"For people who follow this field, these kinds of findings have led them to question whether weight loss is good for heart-disease patients. . . . We found that the patients who do the best are the obese patients who lose weight."

This additional contradiction may be explained in part by the theory that heart disease in obese patients is likely "a different disease" than heart disease in lean people, in whom genetic factors are probably more important. "It may be that the obese person wouldn't have even gotten blocked arteries if [he] hadn't gained 70 pounds over a 30-year period," Lavie said. "The thin person who gets blocked arteries or congestive heart failure or high blood pressure is probably different from the obese patient who got the disease from becoming obese."

For now, he says, it's important particularly for the general public to appreciate that the "protective" effects of obesity in no way provide a rationale for weight gain. "Very clearly," he said, "if no one in our country became overweight or obese, heart-disease rates would go down dramatically."

For physicians, the data today are sufficiently comprehensive for them to encourage their overweight and obese patients to stay motivated to reduce their risk factors. That wasn't always the case, he added. "When people were finding this in their data, five and six years ago, they probably had some trouble getting their papers published, because it didn't make any sense."

RKC Certification St Paul MN

Here is a great video to give you an inside look at the RKC done in my back yard (ok, not literally but a few miles down the road).

I will be assisting at the RKC I in June, so please come up and say hi to me if you are going to be there. I also have a limited number of Z Health sessions available on Thurs, so email at me at michaelTnelson@yahoo.com Right now I think I only have 2 slots open---first come first serve.

Hope to see you all soon and enjoy the video
Rock on
Mike T Nelson

Tuesday, May 19, 2009

Performance Research for May: Ergogenics and Exercise: Creatine


Effects of Creatine Monohydrate and Polyethylene Glycosylated Creatine Supplementation on Muscular Strength, Endurance, and Power Output.

Herda TJ, Beck TW, Ryan ED, Smith AE, Walter AA, Hartman MJ, Stout JR, Cramer JT. 1Department of Health and Exercise Science, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma; and 2Department of Exercise Science and Health Promotion, Florida Atlantic University, Davie, Florida.


Herda, TJ, Beck, TW, Ryan, ED, Smith, AE, Walter, AA, Hartman, MJ, Stout, JR, and Cramer, JT.

Effects of creatine monohydrate and polyethylene glycosylated creatine supplementation on muscular strength, endurance, and power output.

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a moderate dose of creatine monohydrate (CM) and two smaller doses of polyethylene glycosylated (PEG) creatine on muscular strength, endurance, and power output. Fifty-eight healthy men (mean +/- SD: age, 21 +/- 2 years; height, 176 +/- 6 cm; body mass [BM], 75 +/- 14 kg) volunteered and were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 groups: (a) placebo (PL; 3.6 g of microcrystalline cellulose; n = 15), (b) CM (5 g of creatine; n = 13), (c) small-dose PEG creatine (1.25 g of creatine: PEG1.25; n = 14), or (d) moderate-dose PEG creatine (2.50 g of creatine: PEG2.50; n = 16).


Testing was conducted before (pre-) and after (post-) a 30-day supplementation period. Measurements included body mass, countermovement vertical jump (CVJ) height, power output during the Wingate test (peak power [PP] and mean power [MP]), 1 repetition maximum bench press (1RMBP), 1RM leg press (1RMLP) strength, and repetitions to failure at 80% of the 1RM for bench press (REPBP) and leg press (REPLP). BM and MP (W) increased (pIIA<-->IIX). Eccentric resistance training has been shown to be highly efficient in inducing sarcomeric protein assembly in the longitudinal orientation of muscle cells. However, concentric contractions lead to a hypertrophic response (increased fiber diameter) in muscle which can still be activated in old age. The central signaling pathway to mediate the elevation of protein synthesis in response to training is the mTOR pathway, which is also stimulated by free amino acids.


Moreover, adaptation to endurance training is mediated by the calcium-calcineurin-NFATc1 pathway which is strongly activated by the calcium transients involved in the muscle contraction process. High contraction frequency and long duration of training sessions are essential for activation and maintenance of fiber type I expression as well as for induction of transformation of type II into type I fibers. Endurance training sessions should therefore be longer than 30 min and dominated by periods of high frequency contractions. A further factor in the muscular response to training includes the recruitment and integration of satellite cells into muscle fibers. Satellite cells can respond to muscular stretch, activity and injury with increased proliferation and can later be integrated into muscle fibers.


CONCLUSION: Therefore, new myonuclei are available to enhance mRNA synthesis and protein expression in muscle cells. New understanding of the cellular mechanisms of signal transduction in muscle in response to training, bed rest and ageing will help to optimize training and interventions in an ageing population.

Enough with the static stretching already

As readers of this blog know, I am not a big fan of static stretching. Don't get me wrong, if you have any pain and/or movement issues you need to get them fixed ASAP; but I don't feel static stretching is the most effective solution. I think you can use mobility work for all your static stretching needs. Here are some related posts

Stop Static Stretching: New Research

Static Stretching--Good or Bad?

Human tendon behavior and adaptation, in vivo.

Stretching and Resistance Training and Tendon Effects

The Death of Static Stretching


Hey look Mom---someone else has similar thoughts!

http://saveyourself.ca/articles/stretching.php

rock on
Mike T Nelson

Monday, May 4, 2009

Sleep to consolidate a new motor pattern

I am in the middle of pulling a bunch of data for a study that is due ASAP, so this one today will be short but it is a really cool study.

There are more data now showing that sleep is critical for the motor learning process. So if you want to learn a new task, skill or even a new lift in the gym; getting a nap or sleep should help "burn in" (consolidate) that new pattern!

This study discusses that the type of task and when you sleep may also be important for greater performance!

Contribution of night and day sleep vs. simple passage of time to the consolidation of motor sequence and visuomotor adaptation learning.

Doyon J, Korman M, Morin A, Dostie V, Hadj Tahar A, Benali H, Karni A, Ungerleider LG, Carrier J. Functional Neuroimaging Unit, University of Montreal Geriatric Institute, 4565 Queen-Mary, Montreal, QC H3W 1W5, Canada. julien.doyon@umontreal.ca


There is increasing evidence supporting the notion that the contribution of sleep to consolidation of motor skills depends on the nature of the task used in practice. We compared the role of three post-training conditions in the expression of delayed gains on two different motor skill learning tasks: finger tapping sequence learning (FTSL) and visuomotor adaptation (VMA). Subjects in the DaySleep and ImmDaySleep conditions were trained in the morning and at noon, respectively, afforded a 90-min nap early in the afternoon and were re-tested 12 h post-training. In the NightSleep condition, subjects were trained in the evening on either of the two learning paradigms and re-tested 12 h later following sleep, while subjects in the NoSleep condition underwent their training session in the morning and were re-tested 12 h later without any intervening sleep.


The results of the FTSL task revealed that post-training sleep (day-time nap or night-time sleep) significantly promoted the expression of delayed gains at 12 h post-training, especially if sleep was afforded immediately after training. In the VMA task, however, there were no significant differences in the gains expressed at 12 h post-training in the three conditions.


CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that "off-line" performance gains reflecting consolidation processes in the FTSL task benefit from sleep, even a short nap, while the simple passage of time is as effective as time in sleep for consolidation of VMA to occur. They also imply that procedural memory consolidation processes differ depending on the nature of task demands.

TED Talks Michael Merzenich: Exploring the re-wiring of the brain

Wanted to send a huge thanks to everyone at the NSCA Spring Conference here in MN this past weekend. Thanks again to all that I met there, both new and old friends. I will have more in the next day or so.

Very cool Ted Talk on the neuroplastiticy of the brain and its ability to change!
Rock on
Mike T Nelson

TED Talks Michael Merzenich: Exploring the re-wiring of the brain



Friday, May 1, 2009

Random Thoughts Friday: NSCA Clinic, More Muscle and Rock Stars

Coming at ya with another Random Friday since all the cool people are doing! Actually it is a good way to get out some thoughts running around in my head that I am not sure what to do with or don't have time to expand on.

If you are reading this at the butt crack of dawn, I will be starting or finishing up my 4th to last (fingers crossed) battery of tests in the Energy Drink study!! Getting close to the end of data collection and a HUGE thanks to everyone that has participated so far! I could not do it without you.

Here we go!

1) Minnesota NSCA clinic later today and tomorrow

It is an honor for me to be presenting later tonight and tomorrow with Brad "No Relation" Nelson from Kinetic Edge Performance on the topic "Speed: Walk Before You Run: How Neuroscience Affects Speed by Two Closet Geeks" I can't speak for Brad, but I burned my closet for kindling years ago--hahaha.

We will be covering some ways to make you faster using that big brain on your head and efficient foot work. The player/athlete that can minimize the number of unnecessary steps he/she takes will be faster.

One simple example is how to start out going straight ahead (or to slight angle).

Some coaches tell their athletes to "fall" forward to get that first step and go from there.

Lee Taft has been saying this for years (and Dr. Cobb covers it in Z Health S Phase too) that if you watch the fastest players, they take a very quick step BACKWARDS to propel them forward and the don't fall forward---it is too slow. Don't take my word for it--try it!

They don't rock back like slingshot, they step back (plyo step) and use that foot/leg to DRIVE them forward fast.

Be careful doing this, as there is a ton of stress applied to the driving (plyo) foot--that does not mean it is bad, just go slow and get the proper form down and ease into full speed drills and do NOT rush it. Most need more mobility work on both of their feet/ankles too.

Is there any research to support this? Glad you asked!

Starting from standing; why step backwards?


Reference Kraan GA e al. J Biomech. 2001 Feb;34(2):211-5.

3 different positions
  • an athletic stance with no step back
  • athletic stance allowing a step back (plyo step)
  • a standing track start with one foot in front of the other
  • Found that the Plyo Step had a greater impact on an athlete’s acceleration in terms of force and impulse time
  • Also referenced by Lee Taft in “Coaching Away an Athlete's Speed”
Stepping backward can improve sprint performance over short distances (2008)

“…utilizing a step forward to initiate movement resulted in significantly slower sprint times to both 2.5 and 5 m (6.4% and 5.3%, respectively)

“…adopting a starting technique in which a step backward is employed may result in superior performance.”

Reference: Strength Cond Res. 2008 May;22(3):918-22.


2) NSCA clinic, come talk to me and say hi

Seriously, come on over and at minimum say hi, argue or throw stale muffins at me. I look forward to meeting many of you there and talking shop for 1.5 days-----yeahhhh ha!

Super stoked to see the presentations and one of the Gillinghams and pro strong man from Minnesota Dave Ostlund. Dave is also a brand new dad, so congrats to him!

3) Remodeling your body

Thinking out loud here about the remodeling process of the body due to weight training (more strength, more muscle and perhaps less fat). Here are my thoughts

Stimulus (weight training) + protein (calories with sufficient protein) = more muscle!

Stimulus (weight training, jumping, etc) + calcium and minerals = more bone!

If the raw materials (calcium, protein, etc) are not present in your diet you will have less than optimal remodeling, and it will also be associated with a "higher cost"

Think of it this way, it would be like trying to fix your toilet downstairs by stealing part off the one upstairs. Yep, the downstairs one works great now, but you have another issue.

If you look in the literature, there are some older cool studies on rats where they cut the tendons in the calf area to completely overload the other muscle (soleus). They could stave them, cut their nuts off (youch, I am all for rat studies now!!), and lots of other things and the little buggers still had LOCALIZED muscle hypertrophy, since the stimulus was so large.

The take away
For muscle hypertrophy, the stimulus and protein (probably more calories too) are extremely important. You could argue that the stimulus is the most important thing.

REFERENCES
: Experientia. 1971 Sep 15;27(9):1039-40.Links
'Compensatory' muscle hypertrophy in the rat induced by tenotomy of synergistic muscles."
Macková E, Hník P.

Cell Tissue Res. 1975 Jul 16;160(3):411-21.Links
Satellite cells of the rat soleus muscle in the process of compensatory hypertrophy combined with denervation.
Hanzlíková V, Macková EV, Hník P.

4) New Quote on Beliefs
I was talking to Frankie Faires the other night and the quote we came up with

"All beliefs are limited"

The mind is incredibly powerful and if you truly believe a new weight training program will help you, then it will (and there is nothing wrong with that). The power of belief is huge, but limited. I can try as hard as I want to believe that I can fly all by myself, but in the end gravity will win.

5) A shout out to all my friends kiteboarding in South Padre
Pete Koski shot this cool kite view video. I am so jealous....... if anyone in SPI is reading this, have some sweet rides and airs for me. Jodie and I will be down in Nov this year for sure.
Ride on

SPI #2 from Pete Koski on Vimeo.